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International Scale of River Difficulty : ウィキペディア英語版 | International Scale of River Difficulty
The International Scale of River Difficulty is an American system used to rate the difficulty of a stretch of river, or a single (sometimes whitewater) rapid.〔 〕 The scale was created by the American Whitewater Association for the purpose of evaluating rivers throughout the world, hence ''International'' in the title.〔 〕 The grade reflects the technical difficulty and skill level required associated with the section of river. The scale is of use to various water sports and activities, such as rafting, riverboarding, whitewater canoeing, stand up paddle surfing, and whitewater kayaking. ==Classification== There are six categories, each referred to as "Grade" or "Class" followed by a number. The scale is not linear, nor is it fixed. For instance, there can be difficult grade twos, easy grade threes, and so on. The grade of a river may (and usually does) change with the level of flow. Often a river or rapid will be given a numerical grade, and then a plus (+) or minus (-) to indicate if it is in the higher or lower end of the difficulty level. While a river section may be given an overall grading, it may contain sections above that grade, often noted as features, or conversely, it may contain sections of lower graded water as well. Details of portages may be given if these pose specific challenges. A summary of river classifications as presented by the American Whitewater Association:〔
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